מה הקשר בין פייסבוק, "פרדוקס הסובלנות" ומועצת גדולי התורה? מדוע על טעם וריח אפשר להתווכח, ואיך אומרים אמת וגם שקר באותו משפט? הנה כמה מהפרדוקסים הגדולים שמשפיעים עלינו

14 בפברואר 2022 | פילוסופיה | 10 דק׳

רקפת תבור, צוות אפוק

הפרדוקסים הגדולים בעולם שממשיכים לעצב את חיינו

אפימנידס, פילוסוף יווני בן המאה השישית לפנה"ס, היה הראשון שהציג את אחד הפרדוקסים המפורסמים בכל הזמנים – "פרדוקס השקרן". כתושב כרתים הוא הצהיר ש"כל תושבי כרתים הם שקרנים". אם נצא מנקודת הנחה שאפימנידס דובר אמת וכל תושבי כרתים שקרנים, פירוש הדבר שגם הוא משקר, מתוקף היותו תושב כרתים, ולכן אמירתו ש"כל תושבי כרתים הם שקרנים" שגויה ומתקיים פרדוקס.

גרסה מודרנית של הפרדוקס מוכרת בניסוח "אני משקר עכשיו" או "משפט זה הוא שקר". בספרה "פרדוקס", פרופ' מרגרט קונזו (Cuonzo), פילוסופית מאוניברסיטת לונג איילנד, ברוקלין, מתארת אותו כאחד הפרדוקסים העמוקים ביותר המוכרים לאנושות. עומקו נובע מההנחה המקובלת שכל הצהרה בו יכולה להיות אמת או שקר, אולם לא שניהם בו זמנית.

פרדוקסים בדרך כלל נשמעים לנו נכונים אינטואיטיבית, אך למעשה אינם מסתדרים עם טבע הדברים. הם כמו פאזל שיכול לגרום לנו לתהות על שאלות ברומו של עולם, כגון "אמת", "ידע", "יופי" ו"יחסים בין-אישיים".

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

Shutterstock

Shutterstock

צילום: Shutterstock

טרילמת הברון מינכהאוזן – מדוע אין דרך לבסס באופן מוחלט אף טענה או אמונה

איל לוינטר

הרעות הגדולות של העולם – מלחמה, עוני ופשע, למשל – נתפשות במונחים שונים לגמרי בעיני בעלי ההשקפות הגדורות והלא גדורות

הספר שמסביר כל ויכוח פוליטי באמצעות תיאוריה אחת פשוטה

איל לוינטר

איור

פרדוקס טוקוויל – ככל שהמצב משתפר, נהיה גרוע יותר

איל לוינטר

מה נשאר מאיתנו אחרי שנלך?

מאיה מזרחי

צילום: Shutterstock

הדרך הטובה ביותר להתמודד עם שעמום? לחשוב על הנשמה

דינה גורדון

סיזיפוס מהמיתולוגיה היוונית. נענש על ערמומיותו ונגזר עליו לגלגל סלע במעלה הר רק כדי להגיע לפסגה ולצפות בו נופל חזרה מטה

מדוע לסבול זה טוב

מאיה מזרחי

הירשמו לניוזלטר שלנו וקבלו תוכן חדש למייל מדי חודש

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