האם אנחנו באמת טובים – או שפשוט משתלם לנו להיראות כך?

ד"ר משה רט | 7 בינואר 2025 | מחשבות | 3 דק׳

אף אחד אחר לא אחראי על המעשים שלנו | דעה

רובנו אנשים טובים פחות או יותר. לא גונבים, לא רוצחים, עוזרים אחד לשני כשצריך וכו'. אבל עד כמה אנחנו באמת טובים?

תומס הובס טען בספרו "לווייתן", שיצא לאור בשנת 1651, כי אנו פועלים כך בעיקר ממניע אגואיסטי. לפי "תיאוריית האמנה החברתית" שלו, אנו חיים בחברה שמתגמלת את אלה שמתנהגים יפה. מי ששומר על החוק, מתנהג באדיבות ותורם לזולת, זוכה בתגובה ליחס חיובי, ואילו אנטיפתים ועבריינים יקבלו מהחברה יחס שלילי הנע בין סלידה לבין ענישה בפועל. כל אדם הוא אגואיסט מטבעו, והסיבה היחידה שהוא מצטרף לחברה ומגביל את עצמו באמצעות חוקים היא משום שזה משתלם לו.

מבחינה זו, להיות אדם טוב היא הבחירה הרציונלית ביותר: גם מי שאין לו שום מצפון או עניין אמיתי בזולת, מבין שעל פי ההיגיון כדאי לו להתנהג יפה כדי להצליח בחיים. אבל התנהגות זו יכולה להיות חיצונית בלבד. בתוכו, יכול האדם להישאר מלא מידות רעות ותכונות שליליות, שאולי הוא עצמו אינו מודע להן; אולי הוא כבר התרגל כל כך להתנהג יפה, עד שהוא מרגיש שהוא אכן אדם טוב. אבל בשעת מבחן עשויה האמת להתגלות.

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

אילוסטרציה: מגזין אפוק

אילוסטרציה: מגזין אפוק

בזכות האמון שהפגין נחשון בן עמינדב במשה ובאלוהים, הים נבקע ובני ישראל יצאו לחירות. לולא אותו רגע של אמונה, ייתכן שגורלנו היה שונה

המגפה החברתית השקטה של זמננו | דעה

ד"ר משה רט

מה שבאמת דחף את נמסיס להשלים את השינוי ולהפוך לגיבור היה אמונתו התמימה של סם בכך שהוא כזה מלכתחילה

אפקט פיגמליון וגיבורי-על: כשאמונה יוצרת גבורה

ד"ר משה רט

מחנה פליטים בג׳באליה

הצעד הראשון ליישום תוכנית ההגירה של טראמפ | דעה

יוני בן מנחם

צילום: Shutterstock

איום בגובה נמוך: מי עומד מאחורי הרחפנים הבלתי מזוהים מעל הבסיסים האמריקניים בארה"ב ובאירופה?

אורן שלום

צמצום הכנסות המט"ח יגרום להיחלשות המטבע שיגרום לשורה של בעיות כלכליות

כיצד אמור להתמוטט המשטר האיראני? | פרשנות

איל לוינטר

אילוסטרציה: מגזין אפוק

לשפשף את העיניים: מצרים עורכת שינויים בספרי הלימוד כדי להסיר תוכן אנטישמי

מאיה מזרחי

הירשמו לניוזלטר שלנו וקבלו תוכן חדש למייל מדי חודש

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