עם אכזרי הזורע הרס בכל מקום, או עם פורץ דרך?

דורית דינור | 5 ביולי 2022 | תרבות ואמנות | 3 דק׳

החיים הכפולים של הוויקינגים

הם הגיחו מהים ופשטו על מנזר לינדיספארן שבצפון מזרח אנגליה. לאחר שרצחו נזירים בחרבות ובגרזנים, הם שברו את המזבח וזרעו הרס. היו אלה הוויקינגים שהמוניטין הרע שלהם כפיראטים עזי לב ואכזריים הלך לפניהם.

הסצנה הזאת מהסדרה "ויקינגים" (נטפליקס), אינה שונה בהרבה מהאירוע ההיסטורי המקורי שהתרחש בשנת 795 לספירה, טוען ההיסטוריון הנורבגי ארתור הרמן בספרו החדש. הרמן כתב אפוס היסטורי סוחף בו ניתח לעומק את התמורות שעברו הוויקינגים וצאצאיהם הסקנדינבים לאורך 1,200 שנה, מהתקופה בה חיו בקהילות ועד שהגיעו לארה"ב. הוא מתבסס בהבחנותיו על כתבי היסטוריונים ומחקר ארכיאולוגי וגנאלוגי המתחקה אחר העקבות הגנטיים של יורדי הים בכל אירופה.

עיקר עיסוקם של הוויקינגים היה ציד ודיג בנהרות ובאגמים. מזג האוויר הקפוא ותנאי החיים הקשים דחפו אותם לנדוד ולחפש אמצעי קיום ומקומות להתיישבות. הוויקינגים השוודים נסעו מזרחה והגיעו לרוסיה, לים השחור ולקונסטנטינופול. הדנים כבשו שני שלישים מאנגליה והגיעו לצפון צרפת, לספרד ולים התיכון. הנורבגים שטו לסקוטלנד, לאירלנד, לאיסלנד ולגרינלנד. לבסוף היה זה הנורבגי לייף אייריקסון ששט לעבר האופק הבלתי נודע והגיע לחופה המזרחי של אמריקה במאה ה-11, כ-400 שנה לפני קולומבוס.

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

Arthur Herman, "The Viking Heart: How Scandinavians Conquered the World", 2021

Arthur Herman, "The Viking Heart: How Scandinavians Conquered the World", 2021

תמונה למחשבה: הכאב שמוליד יופי

מאיה מזרחי

אנטון צ'כוב, "מעשה משעמם", תרגום מרוסית ואחרית דבר: נילי מירסקי, מרץ 2025

החיים שאחרי המוניטין

גלית דהן קרליבך

יובל שטייניץ, "הקומדיה הממשלתית", ידיעות ספרים, ינואר 2025

מה באמת קורה כשמזמינים את הרמטכ"ל לוועדה

נדב רט

מירי אליאב-פלדון, "הרנסנס של השטן", הוצאת מאגנס, 2024

הצד האפל של תקופת הרנסנס

גלית דהן קרליבך

שרון קרישק, "ואהבת לרעך כמוך", שהם קראוס, ינואר 2025

איך אפשר לאהוב מישהו שמכעיס אותנו?

דינה גורדון

דאגלס מאריי, "הקרב על המערב", שיבולת וסלע מאיר, 2024

המערב נגד עצמו: הקרב שמאיים לפרק את הציוויליזציה שלנו

נדב רט

הירשמו לניוזלטר שלנו וקבלו תוכן חדש למייל מדי חודש

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