מי המלכה שאמרה "אם אין לחם תאכלו עוגות"? אם עולה ברוחכם דמותה של מארי אנטואנט (1793-1755),…

רקפת תבור | 11 בספטמבר 2019 | תרבות ואמנות | 3 דק׳

מי באמת אמרה "אם אין לחם תאכלו עוגות"?

מי המלכה שאמרה "אם אין לחם תאכלו עוגות"? אם עולה ברוחכם דמותה של מארי אנטואנט (1793-1755), מלכת צרפת בימים שקדמו למהפכה, אתם ככל הנראה טועים. הציטוט, בוודאי כפי שהוא מוכר בעברית, אינו מדויק. הראשון שהעלה אותו על הכתב היה הפילוסוף הצרפתי בן המאה ה-18, ז'אן ז'אק רוסו בספרו האוטוביוגרפי "וידויים". שם הוא מספר על נסיכה אדירה, מבלי לציין את שמה, שכששמעה שלאיכרים אין לחם אמרה: "אז שיאכלו בריוש" (Brioche) – שהוא סוג של לחם, עשיר במיוחד בביצים ובחמאה.

כאן עולה הבעייתיות הראשונה של ייחוסה המקובל של האִמרה למארי אנטואנט: רוסו כתב את "וידויים" בשנים 1769-1765. באותם ימים מארי אנטואנט, שנקראה עדיין מריה אנטוניה, הייתה נסיכה אוסטרית שלא היה לה שום קשר לצרפת. רק ב-1770, בהיותה בת קצת יותר מ-14, הוסכם בהליך דיפלומטי בין אימה הקיסרית האוסטרית מריה תרזה, לבין מלך צרפת באותם ימים, לואי ה-15, על נישואיה העתידיים עם מי שלימים הפך ללואי ה-16. למעשה, כלל לא ברור לאיזו נסיכה התכוון רוסו בדבריו. יש הטוענים שבדומה לפרטים אחרים בספרו האוטוביוגרפי, גם את הציטוט הזה הוא בדה בדמיונו.

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

מארי אנטואנט בפרוטרט שציירה אליזבט ויגה לברון ב-1783 | תמונה:Public Domain

מארי אנטואנט בפרוטרט שציירה אליזבט ויגה לברון ב-1783 | תמונה:Public Domain

תמונה למחשבה: הכאב שמוליד יופי

מאיה מזרחי

אנטון צ'כוב, "מעשה משעמם", תרגום מרוסית ואחרית דבר: נילי מירסקי, מרץ 2025

החיים שאחרי המוניטין

גלית דהן קרליבך

יובל שטייניץ, "הקומדיה הממשלתית", ידיעות ספרים, ינואר 2025

מה באמת קורה כשמזמינים את הרמטכ"ל לוועדה

נדב רט

מירי אליאב-פלדון, "הרנסנס של השטן", הוצאת מאגנס, 2024

הצד האפל של תקופת הרנסנס

גלית דהן קרליבך

שרון קרישק, "ואהבת לרעך כמוך", שהם קראוס, ינואר 2025

איך אפשר לאהוב מישהו שמכעיס אותנו?

דינה גורדון

דאגלס מאריי, "הקרב על המערב", שיבולת וסלע מאיר, 2024

המערב נגד עצמו: הקרב שמאיים לפרק את הציוויליזציה שלנו

נדב רט

הירשמו לניוזלטר שלנו וקבלו תוכן חדש למייל מדי חודש

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