המלחמה בין כוחות ה-SAF ל-RSF הפכה לזירה של השפעה אזורית ובינלאומית. איראן, המספקת טכנולוגיה מתקדמת וציוד צבאי, מנסה להרחיב את השפעתה גם בים האדום – אבל האם סודאן תסכים לשתף פעולה?

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רקע

מאז אפריל 2023 שרויה סודאן במלחמה בין שני כוחות חמושים המתחרים על השליטה במדינה: כוחות הצבא הסודני (SAF), הצבא הרשמי של סודאן מאז עצמאותה, וכוחות הסיוע המהיר (RSF), כוח חמוש שהוקם בשנת 2013 על ידי ממשלת סודאן דאז כדי לדכא מרידות מקומיות ולשמור על יציבות באזורים מסוימים, במיוחד בחבל דרפור. ה-RSF צבר עם השנים עצמאות והשפעה משמעותית, והעימות עם ה-SAF פרץ לאחר כישלון המשא ומתן על מעבר סודאן לשלטון אזרחי.

כל אחת מהקבוצות זוכה לתמיכה של מדינות שונות באזור, המנסות לקדם את הצד המועדף עליהן באמצעות כסף, נשק וסיוע צבאי אחר. גם איראן מעורבת במשחק ותומכת ב-SAF, בפיקודו של הגנרל עבד אלפתאח אלבורהאן.

במארס 2024 דווח כי כוחות ה-SAF הצליחו להשתלט על אזורים אסטרטגיים באוּם דוּרְמָאן, העיר השנייה בגודלה בסודאן (הסמוכה לחרטום הבירה). נאמר כי אחד הגורמים המכריעים במתקפה היה השימוש ברחפנים איראניים מתקדמים שכוחות ה-SAF הפעילו מבסיס הממוקם צפונית לעיר.

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

צילום: Ali Haddadi Asl/ Wikimedia/CC BY 4.0

צילום: Ali Haddadi Asl/ Wikimedia/CC BY 4.0

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