מרבית ממשלות העולם מעוניינות להקרין את כוחן על מדינות אחרות. היכולת לעשות זאת מאפשרת להן לקדם…

איל לוינטר | 20 במאי 2018 | גיאו-פוליטיקה | 2 דק׳

מקרון משתמש בצרפתית כנשק להקרנת כוח גלובלי

מרבית ממשלות העולם מעוניינות להקרין את כוחן על מדינות אחרות. היכולת לעשות זאת מאפשרת להן לקדם את האינטרסים הכלכליים, הצבאיים, הטריטוריאליים והפוליטיים שלהן. אולם הן גם יודעות ששיטות "מקל וגזר" מסורתיות להקרנת כוח, כמו סיוע כלכלי למדינות זרות בתמורה למשהו, או פשוט שימוש בכוח צבאי – אינן עובדות לאורך זמן. הן יקרות, ובמרבית הפעמים לא מעשיות וגוררות השלכות פוליטיות שלא מצדיקות את המאמץ.

מה עושים? מפתחים אלטרנטיבות זולות יותר. אחת מהן היא מה שפרופסור ג'וסף ניי, היסטוריון וחוקר מדעי המדינה באוניברסיטת הרווארד, תיאר בספריו כ"עוצמה רכה" – כוח המאפשר למדינה להשיג מה שהיא רוצה – לא באמצעות "עוצמה קשה" – אלא באמצעות שיתוף פעולה. במקום לאיים או לשחד את הצד השני, מוצאים דרך "רכה" לשכנע אותו לעבור לצד שלך או לרצות את מה שאתה רוצה. תחשבו, למשל, על צרפת, מדינה שרוצה להתרחק מהקולוניאליזם האפריקני שהיא הובילה עד אמצע המאה ה-20, אבל עדיין להפעיל השפעה על מדינות באפריקה. מה היא תעשה?

רוצה לקרוא עוד?

להמשך קריאה הירשמו או התחברו

France's President Emmanuel Macron gives a speech to unveil his strategy to promote French as part of the International Francophonie Day before members of the French Academy (Academie Francaise) and other guests at the French Institute on March 20, 2018 in Paris. / AFP PHOTO / POOL AND AFP PHOTO / ludovic MARIN (Photo credit should read LUDOVIC MARIN/AFP/Getty Images)

תמונה: Ludovic Marin/AFP/Getty Images

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